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What Is an ITIN and Why Non-U.S. Residents Need It

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Written by IRS Certified Acceptance Agent
Updated over 2 weeks ago

Main Uses of an ITIN

An ITIN (Individual Taxpayer Identification Number) is a tax identification number issued by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS).
It is primarily used by non-U.S. residents who need to handle tax, financial, and compliance matters in the United States.


1. ITIN Is the Core Tax ID for Non-U.S. Residents Filing U.S. Taxes

If a non-U.S. resident earns income from U.S. sources, an ITIN is required to file a U.S. tax return.
Without an ITIN, the individual may face high mandatory withholding taxes.

Common situations where an ITIN is required include:

πŸ“ˆ Investment Income

  • Trading stocks through U.S. brokerages

  • ETFs, dividends, and other investment returns

🏠 Real Estate Income

  • Selling U.S. real estate

  • Rental income from U.S. properties

πŸ’» Freelance & Platform Income

  • Income from platforms such as Upwork, Fiverr, Amazon, Shopify, TikTok, or independent websites

  • Software development, design, consulting, cross-border e-commerce, and other self-employed income

πŸ‘‰ Without an ITIN:

  • Income is typically subject to a flat 30% withholding tax

  • Refunds are difficult or impossible to claim

πŸ‘‰ With an ITIN:

  • Income can be legally reported

  • Taxes are calculated at the actual applicable tax rate

  • Overpaid taxes can be refunded


2. ITIN Is Required for Stripe, PayPal, and Other Payment Processors

For non-U.S. residents, an ITIN is often a required tax identifier when applying for or using U.S. payment processors, including:

  • Stripe

  • PayPal

  • Shopify Payments

  • Amazon, Etsy, and independent-site payment systems

These platforms are required to report tax information to the IRS, and
πŸ‘‰ the ITIN is the compliant tax ID available to non-U.S. residents.

Without an ITIN, you may face:

  • Incomplete or failed account verification

  • Account restrictions or freezes

  • High withholding on received payments


3. ITIN Can Be Used for U.S. Banking and Remote Financial Applications

In real-world practice, an ITIN can also be used for:

  • Tax compliance when opening U.S. bank accounts

  • Remote applications for certain U.S. credit cards

Example:

  • Capital One credit cards

    • Accept ITINs instead of SSNs

    • Allow online / remote applications (approval depends on bank risk review)

In addition, some U.S. banks and financial institutions:

  • Allow ITIN in place of an SSN

  • Offer remote applications depending on the product and applicant profile

πŸ‘‰ General principle:
​Having an ITIN = having compliant access to the U.S. financial system


4. The Role of ITIN in Single-Member LLC Tax Filing

For non-U.S. residents who:

  • Own a Single-Member LLC

  • And whose company income must be reported together with personal income

πŸ‘‰ In this case:

  • Personal and business income are filed together

  • A personal ITIN is mandatory for tax filing

  • Without an ITIN, compliant filing is not possible

This is one of the main reasons ITINs are in high demand among:

  • Cross-border e-commerce sellers

  • Independent website owners

  • Freelancers and consultants


5. ITIN Processing Time, Status, and Application Flow

1️⃣ Realistic ITIN Processing Timeline (Important)

ITIN processing time is entirely determined by the IRS, not by the application service provider.
In recent years, multiple external factors have significantly slowed processing.

Timeline changes:

  • Before IRS staffing reductions

    • ITINs could be issued in as little as ~24 days

  • After IRS workforce reductions

    • Processing time increased to ~60 days

  • After the 43-day U.S. government shutdown

    • Average issuance time extended to ~78 days

Current practical timeline:

  • ITIN number issuance: ~78 days

  • IRS confirmation letter received at our U.S. address: ~87 days

πŸ“Œ Because we use a U.S. domestic receiving address, delivery is more stable and faster than international mail.


2️⃣ Delivery After ITIN Is Issued

  • Once the IRS confirmation letter arrives at our U.S. address

  • We immediately scan the official notice

  • Provide the high-resolution digital copy to the client

  • Clients do not need to wait for international postal delivery


3️⃣ Transparent ITIN Application Process

Step 1: Client Submits Required Information

Clients provide:

  • βœ… A clear, IRS-compliant passport scan

  • βœ… A complete residential (home) address

  • βœ… Any additional information required by the IRS

Step 2: We Prepare IRS Documentation

We handle:

  • ✍️ Completion of Form W-7

  • πŸ“„ Preparation of passport review certification documents

  • πŸ“‘ Assembly of all supporting materials required by the IRS

Clients do not need to complete complex tax forms themselves.

Step 3: Submission to the IRS

  • Documents are mailed to the IRS ITIN Processing Center

  • Mailing time: 3–5 business days (up to 5–7 in special cases)

πŸ“¦ After mailing:

  • Clients receive an international tracking number

  • The process is fully traceable and verifiable


4️⃣ ITIN Application Status Tracking (Form W-7)

https://www.irs.gov/help/processing-status-for-tax-forms

After the IRS receives the application:

  • Clients may check status through the official IRS W-7 tracking channel

⚠️ Please note:

  • The system typically shows only the most recent ~30 days of status

  • Earlier stages often show limited or no detail

πŸ‘‰ We also assist clients by interpreting progress based on practical experience.


One-Sentence Summary (Client-Friendly)

An ITIN is the foundation for tax filing, payments, banking, and compliance for non-U.S. residents in the United States. While IRS processing currently takes around 78 days, we ensure faster usability by receiving the notice domestically and delivering scanned confirmation promptly.

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